We conclude that these visits are probably not beneficial for such persons within the health care setting in the Netherlands or comparable settings in other Western countries.”
“Little
is known about the effects of the menstrual cycle on brain activity in primates. Here, we use F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography to monitor changes in resting brain glucose metabolism across the menstrual cycle in female rhesus monkeys. Results showed greater activity in right lateral orbitofrontal cortex, a region involved in processing negatively valenced emotional stimuli, in the follicular compared with luteal phase. Estradiol levels were negatively correlated with activity in cortical and brainstem regions involved in emotional processing, and positively correlated with CX-5461 in vitro activity in areas involved in cognitive control and emotion regulation. In summary, the data suggest that in primates, fluctuations of ovarian hormones across the menstrual MRT67307 cycle influence activity in brain areas involved in emotion and its regulation.”
“Background. Multidimensional preventive home visit programs aim at maintaining health and autonomy of older adults and preventing disability and subsequent
nursing home admission, but results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been inconsistent. Our objective was to systematically review RCTs examining the effect of home visit programs on mortality, nursing home admissions, and functional status
decline.
Methods. Data sources were MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL database, and references. Studies were reviewed to identify RCTs that compared outcome data of older participants in preventive home visit programs with control group outcome data. Publications reporting 21 trials were included. Data on SB525334 in vitro study population, intervention characteristics, outcomes, and trial quality were double-extracted. We conducted random effects meta-analyses.
Results. Pooled effects estimates revealed statistically nonsignificant favorable, and heterogeneous effects on mortality (odds ratio [OR] 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80-1.05), functional status decline (OR 0.89, 95% CI, 0.77-1.03), and nursing home admission (OR 0.86, 95% CI, 0.68-1.10). A beneficial effect on mortality was seen in younger study populations (OR 0.74, 95% CI, 0.58-0.94) but not in older populations (OR 1.14, 95% CI, 0.90-1.43). Functional decline was reduced in programs including a clinical examination in the initial assessment (OR 0.64, 95% CI, 0.48-0.87) but not in other trials (OR 1.00, 95% CI, 0.88-1.14). There was no single factor explaining the heterogenous effects of trials on nursing home admissions.
Conclusion. Multidimensional preventive home visits have the potential to reduce disability burden among older adults when based on multidimensional assessment with clinical examination.