The structure of the new compound was characterized as periplogenin-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 4)-beta-d-glucopyranoside (1) by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-TOF-MS,

and CD spectrometry, and the known compounds were identified by comparison of their NMR and HR-TOF-MS data with those reported in the literature. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxicity against Hela and HepG-2 cell lines.”
“The central nervous system (CNS) is a complex and precise mechanism that controls the most highest functions of the body. All of them depend on the cellular and molecular interactions called by neurobiologists “”cellular plasticity”". The CNS is a flexible structure but its regeneration after damage is strongly limited. Better understanding of cellular and molecular basis AZD9291 molecular weight of brain repair can open new way in the development of therapeutic tools for neurodegeneration. Among many molecules that participate in the formation of neuronal networks, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)

and its sialylated derivative seem to play crucial role in the life of brain. In particular, polysialylated cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) is proposed to participate in the neuroprotective response in neurodegeneration by reducing of AMPA/NMDA receptors sensitivity to glutamate and facilitating disconnection of cell-cell interactions. These mechanisms protect from excitotoxic damage IPI-549 price and promote dendritic/spine re-growth. This review briefly focuses on the expression and role of PSA-NCAM in neurodegenerative diseases and its potential

application in therapy.”
“A G418 new ursane-type triterpene, cymosic acid (1) together with two known compounds, 3 beta,19 alpha-dihydroxy-2-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid (2) and 2 alpha,19 alpha-dihydroxy-3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid (3), were isolated from Rosa cymosa Tratt. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by analyzing its H-1 and C-13 NMR, H-1-H-1 COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY, and HR-ESI-MS values. The three compounds were found to display moderate inhibitory activities against nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophage cell lines, RAW 264.7 cells.”
“In mammalian testes, aromatase irreversibly converts androgens (C19 steroid) into estrogens (C18) and is present in the endoplasmic reticulum of numerous tissues. In purified adult rat germ cells (pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids) we have shown the presence of a functional aromatase (transcript, protein and biological activity) and the estrogen production is roughly identical to that of Leydig cells. In addition, transcripts of aromatase varied according to the germ cell type and the stages of seminiferous epithelium in an adult rat. In contrast with the androgen receptors mainly localized in somatic cells, estrogen receptors (ERs) are described in all testicular cells.