One of the major reasons for this dearth is the absence of suitable animal models for BD. Traditionally, animal models of human phenomena have been evaluated based on similarity to the human syndrome, response to appropriately corresponding medications, and the degree to which a model supports a common mechanistic theory between the human disorder and the model itself. The following review emphasizes the use of ‘reverse translation, drawing on patient-based findings to develop suitable animal models for BD. We highlight some
examples of this strategy, emphasizing their construct validity as a starting point. These studies have produced informative models that have altered the expression of genes/pathways implicated in BD, including the point mutation D181A of mouse mitochondrial DNA polymerase (POLG), glutamate receptor 6 (GluR6), Clock, extracellular regulated kinase 1 (ERK1), glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3 Vactosertib beta), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG-1). These studies demonstrate that this method is useful, viable and deserves attention in new efforts to generate animal models of BD.”
“We report the magnetic
field sensitivity results on five layer structure given as Metglas/Terfenol-D/PMN-PZT/Terfenol-D/Metglas, Birinapant mouse where PMN and PZT correspond to Pb(Mg(1/3)Nb(2/3))O(3) and Pb(Zr,Ti)O(3), respectively. The piezoelectric constant (d(33)) of poled PMN-PZT was found to be 1600 pC/N with dielectric constant of 5380 at 1 kHz. The sensitivity measurements were conducted after attaching individual layers in the laminate clearly delineating the effect occurring in the response. The magnetoelectric response for this five layer structure at 1 kHz was found to be 5 V/cm Oe at dc bias field of 1000 Oe under an ac drive of 1 Oe. At 1 kHz frequency, the sensor was able to deterministically measure step changes of 500 nT while at 10 Hz we can clearly identify the sensitivity of 1 mu T. These results are very promising for the cheap room-temperature magnetic field sensing technology. (C) 2010 American Institute of
Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3406142]“
“Kidney transplantation offers longer survival, Sapanisertib mouse less morbidity and lower costs than dialysis. It is also believed to improve quality of life. The aim of this study was to compare prospectively the perceived health status (PHS) of dialyzed patients on a waiting list with kidney transplant recipients after transplantation, matched for age, gender and comorbidity. The sample consisted of 93 dialyzed patients on a waiting list for deceased-donor kidney transplantation and 87 incident transplant recipients. A total of 62 dialyzed patients were matched for age, gender and comorbidity with 62 transplant recipients. PHS was measured using the SF-36 questionnaire. Data from baseline and after 12 months were compared between the groups.