“
“We conducted a case-control study to describe the epidemiology and risk factors for infections requiring hospitalization in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Of 497 patients identified, 103 patients developed

201 episodes of infection. The probability of acquiring an infection 1year from date of MDS diagnosis was 15% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12-18%). Patients developing infections had decreased survival compared to those who did not (P=0.007). Significant risk factors for infection were higher risk MDS (hazard ratio [HR]=2.7, 95% CI=1.7-4.1, P<0.0001), nadir absolute neutrophil count <500/mL (HR=1.8, 95% CI=1.2-2.7, P<0.007), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR=2.6, 95% CI=1.4-4.9, RG-7388 purchase P<0.003), history of other malignancy (HR 2.0, 95% CI=1.3-3.1, P<0.003), and autoimmune disease (HR 2.9, 95% CI=1.4-6.0, P<0.005). Lazertinib Age, nadir platelet count <20,000/mL, diabetes

mellitus, and MDS treatment were not significant risk factors. Pneumonia was the most common infection, and bacteria the predominant pathogens.”
“Objective-To compare effects of administration of a modified-live respiratory virus vaccine once with administration of the same vaccine twice on the health and performance of cattle.

Design-Randomized, controlled trial.

Animals-612 mixed-breed male cattle with unknown health histories.

Procedures-Cattle were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups (single vaccination treatment group [SVAC group] vs revaccination treatment group [REVAC group]) during the preconditioning phase of production. All cattle were given a modified-live respiratory virus vaccine. Eleven days later, REVAC group cattle received a second injection of the same vaccine. During the finishing phase of production, cattle from each treatment group were either vaccinated a third time with the BI 6727 chemical structure modified-live respiratory virus vaccine or given no vaccine. Health observations were performed daily. Blood and performance variables were measured throughout the experiment.

Results-During preconditioning,

no significant differences were observed in performance or antibody production between groups. Morbidity rate from bovine respiratory disease was lower for SVAC group cattle; however, days to first treatment for bovine respiratory disease were not different between groups. No significant differences in body weights, daily gains, or dry-matter intake between groups were observed during the finishing phase. Revaccination treatment group cattle had improved feed efficiency regardless of vaccination protocol in the finishing phase.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Vaccination once with a modified-live respiratory virus vaccine was as efficacious as vaccination twice in the prevention of bovine respiratory disease of high-risk cattle, although feed efficiency was improved in REVAC group cattle during the finishing period.