The three methods produced similar results on both the estimation of the indicators weights and the order of GP rank lists. All weighted kappa coefficients were 0.80. The CFA and 2-PLM produced the most similar results. There was little difference regarding the three Linsitinib methods results, validating our measure of GPs intrinsic motivation. The 2-PLM appeared theoretically and empirically
more robust for establishing the intrinsic motivation score.”
“We previously reported that mouse parotid acinar cells display anion conductance (I(ATPCl)) when stimulated by external ATP in Na(+)-free extracellular solutions. It has been suggested that the P2X(7) receptor channel (P2X(7)R) might underlie I(ATPCl). In this work we show
that I(ATPCl) can be activated by ATP, ADP, AMP-PNP, ATP gamma S and CTP. This is consistent with the nucleotide sensitivity of P2X(7)R. Accordingly, acinar cells isolated from P2X(7)R(-/-) mice lacked I(ATPCl). Experiments with P2X(7)R heterologously expressed resulted in ATP-activated currents (I(ATP-P2X7)) partially carried by anions. In Na(+)-free solutions, I(ATP-P2X7) had an apparent anion permeability sequence of SCN(-)> I(-) congruent to NO(3)(-) > Br(-) > Cl(-) > acetate, find more comparable to that reported for I(ATPCl) under the same conditions. However, in the presence of physiologically relevant concentrations of external Na(+), the Cl(-) permeability of I(ATP-P2X7) was negligible, although permeation of Br(-) or SCN(-) was clearly resolved. Relative anion
permeabilities were not modified by addition of 1 m M carbenoxolone, a blocker of Pannexin-1. Moreover, cibacron blue 3GA, which blocks the Na(+) current activated by ATP in acinar cells but not I(ATPCl), blocked I(ATP-P2X7) in a dose-dependent manner when Na(+) was present but failed to do so in tetraethylammonium containing solutions. Thus, our data indicate that P2X(7)R is fundamental for I(ATPCl) generation in acinar cells and that external Na(+) modulates ion permeability and conductivity, as well as drug affinity, STA-9090 clinical trial in P2X(7)R.”
“The question of how best to model rhythmic movements at self-selected amplitude-frequency combinations, and their variability, is a long-standing issue. This study presents a systematic analysis of a coupled oscillator system that has successfully accounted for the experimental result that humans’ preferred oscillation frequencies closely correspond to the linear resonance frequencies of the biomechanical limb systems, a phenomenon known as resonance tuning or frequency scaling. The dynamics of the coupled oscillator model is explored by numerical integration in different areas of its parameter space, where a period doubling route to chaotic dynamics is discovered. It is shown that even in the regions of the parameter space with chaotic solutions, the model still effectively scales to the biomechanical oscillator’s natural frequency.