Databases searched: MeSH terms and text words for type 1 and type

Databases searched: MeSH terms and text words for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus were combined with MeSH terms and text words for renal replacement therapy and dialysis. The search was carried out in Medline (1950–March, Week 3, 2008). The Cochrane Renal Group Trials Register was also searched for trials

not indexed in Medline. Date of search/es: 2 April 2008. A prospective study was conducted by Villaret al.5 in order to examine the epidemiology and long-term survival of patients with incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) by diabetes status in Australia and New Zealand. The ANZDATA Registry was used to identify patients ≥16 years of age who began dialysis from 1 April 1991 to 31 December 2005. Data collection consisted of information on patient demographics, comorbidites and multiple other parameters CP-673451 nmr (Table 1). This study included 1284 patients with type 1 diabetes (4.5%), 8560 patients with type 2 diabetes (30.0%) and 18 704 non-diabetic patients (65.5%). Rates of coronary artery, peripheral vascular and cerebrovascular disease were higher in diabetic than in non-diabetic patients (Table 1) (P < 0.0001). Multivariate survival analysis showed the risk for death Dinaciclib solubility dmso after the first dialysis treatment was 64.0% (HR 1.64 (1.47–1.84)

greater in type 1 diabetic (P < 0.0001) and 13.0% (HR 1.13 (1.06–1.20) higher in type 2 diabetic (P < 0.0001) patients versus non-diabetic patients. Sex was not associated with survival in type 1 diabetics or Miconazole in non-diabetics; however, older (≥60 years) type 2 diabetic women

had a worse outcome than older type 2 diabetic men, and this difference did not appear to be explained by different comorbid conditions. In type 1 diabetic patients, survival did not alter over time (adjusted HR 0.94 (0.83–1.07) per 5-year period, P = 0.36 but it improved significantly by 9.0% per 5-year period in type 2 diabetics (0.91 (0.87–0.95), P < 0.0001) and by 5% in non-diabetic patients (0.95 (0.92–0.98), P = 0.001). In the DOPPS, a prospective observational study of haemodialysis practices and clinical outcomes among patients treated at randomly selected dialysis facilities in France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, UK and the USA (2004), diabetes was associated with a significantly higher relative risk of mortality (RR = 1.55, P < 0.001).6 Similarly, from the USRDS database, the 5-year survival in diabetic haemodialysis patients is 20% compared with 50% in non-diabetic patients.7 The percentage of all deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diabetic haemodialysis patients varies from 23% to 54%.

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